Antibacterial agents to improve the life of water-based metalworking fluids

Laboratory ventilation device to simulate the field conditions, the effects of different antimicrobial agents antimicrobial properties, the results show that a single antimicrobial agent is difficult to both bacteria and fungi from the good inhibition composite antibacterial agents against bacteria and fungi have a good inhibitory effect. Meanwhile, in multi-machine composite antibacterial agents on-site application test, the results showed that the composite antibacterial agent to extend the life of the emulsion and synthetic fluids are up to ten times more. 1 Introduction aqueous metal working fluids (including emulsion, and synthetic fluids) are widely used in the machining industry, it has a good cooling performance and cleaning performance, and low cost, but also easy spoilage, such as shorter life shortcomings. Spoilage is results blooms of bacteria, fungi and other microbes in the water. The microbial blooms undermine the stability of the emulsion, the emulsion reduced use of performance: also lead to a decrease in pH, resulting in corrosion: also have an adverse impact on the operator, such as an unpleasant smell, irritate the skin, allergic reactions . The antimicrobial agent is added to prevent spoilage, improve the water-based metalworking fluid life. Abroad in the Water Fund antimicrobial agent commonly used in metalworking fluids, varieties of dozens of antibacterial agents. The domestic use of antimicrobial agents is still not widespread, the service life of some of the processing liquid in the summer only a week or so. Although many varieties of antibacterial agents used in other areas, but most of them can not be used for processing liquid. The antibacterial agent used for the machining liquid should have the following characteristics: (1) better chemical and physical compatibility with the processing liquid: (2) a degree of stability, in the long period of time from the antibacterial effect: (3) inhibition of bacteria and fungi have a better: (4) low toxicity: (5) an acceptable cost. In this paper, laboratory ventilation device to simulate field conditions of use regularly to detect bacteria and fungi and pH, and record the change in appearance of the processing solution, the screening of various antibacterial agents.Field application test of the composite antibacterial agent while still on multiple machines, regular monitoring of bacteria and fungi, the pH value, the change in appearance and corrosion performance. 2 test laboratory test this integrated foreign representative test methods: each cycle of five days of the sample assessed through air, stop gas two days, made periodically added to the scene and cultured bacteria.Bacteria, fungi, and pH were measured after the end of each cycle. Deterioration of the sample indicators: total bacterial count> 107 / ml, fungi total number of> 103 / ml.Laboratory test conditions: (1): comply with the requirements of the biological tests. (2) Equipment: ventilation apparatus, pH meter, incubator, colony counter and inoculation test bench. (3) Metalworking Fluids: The hardness of 100 ~ 150mg / L (calcium carbonate) was diluted with water the emulsion concentrate, and the dilution factor of 20.(4) assessment of samples: in the metalworking fluid, adding a variety of antimicrobial agents, as shown in Table 1. (5) Strain: obtained from the scene of the deterioration of the metalworking fluid, and cultured in the above-mentioned metal processing liquid to the total bacterial count> 5 × 108 / ml, fungi total number of> 104 / ml in. Field application test field application testing in the summer of 1997 in Beijing First Machine Tool Plant, composite antibacterial agent dose of 0.10% is added to the emulsion and synthetic fluids, two grinders use test, regular monitoring of bacterial and The number of fungi, pH value, the appearance of change and anti-rust properties (a cast iron, 35 ± 2 ℃, 48h, monolithic). Table 1 assessment sample numbers type of antimicrobial agent concentration (%) Remarks a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds Ⅰ 0.07 reference to the manufacturer's recommended concentration of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds Ⅰ 0.103 nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds Ⅱ 0.134 nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds II 0 .195 0.0166 composite antibacterial agent sulfur compounds 0.100.07% nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds Ⅰ +0.016% sulfur compounds + small amount of stability synergist 7 - pure metalworking fluids test results 1) the antibacterial properties of the antimicrobial agent antibacterial agents listed in Table 1 the antibacterial effects of the test, the test results are shown in Table 2. Bacteria and fungi from Table 2 Total number of metamorphic term, the sample No. 7 does not add an antibacterial agent against bacteria and fungi have no inhibition: have some inhibitory effect of various antibacterial agents against bacteria or fungi.Wherein: (1) 1 to 4, samples are fungi first exceeds the deterioration indicator described nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds I and II inhibition superior to the inhibition of fungi of bacteria: and 2,4 sample No. metamorphic respectively the high dose of the antibacterial agent in the dose range selected its antibacterial effect better than the sample length 1,3. (2) Sample No. 5 is a bacteria exceeds deterioration indicator, no significant growth of fungi in six weeks, this sulfur-containing compound will be described have a good inhibitory effect on fungi, while the inhibition of bacteria is not obvious. (3) 6 samples after up to 20 weeks of the trial is still degenerate. Obviously, aza ring compounds I and sulfur compounds composite using a significant synergistic effect, have excellent inhibitory effect on bacteria and fungi. Table 2 laboratory test results Number assessment project beginning point one week Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday 20 week seven weeks and eight weeks 10 weeks 22 eleven weeks weeks weeks metamorphic phase 1 the total number of bacteria,

Notice the use of refrigerator car

The so-called lightweight cars, is the use of scientific methods and means to optimize the design of automobile products, to ensure that the automobile integrated performance index under the premise, through the use of new materials, as far as possible to reduce the weight of its own products, to achieve weight loss, consumption, environmental protection, safety comprehensive target.Research shows, vehicle fuel consumption to about 60% motor vehicle, automotive quality every reduce 100kg, every kilometer fuel consumption will be reduced from 0.4L to 0.8L, CO2 emissions will be reduced.Fuel efficiency, reduced by means of the car's fuel consumption and emissions, improving the environment for human survival.At the same time automobile lightweight but also to improve the vehicle performance, in the same output power, the lighter car for the engine is lighter load, vehicle handling stability is improved.So to reduce automobile weight to reduce engine power and reduce the total vehicle weight has a dual effect.The national standard of vehicle design are strictly stipulated, in particular the axle load and the total mass limit.For oil tank cars, tank weight accounted for a larger proportion of vehicle weight, reduce body weight has become the focus of attention of the enterprise.Because the aluminum proportion is approximately 1/3 steel, aluminum alloy is considered as the ideal materials for lightweight of automobile.In recent years, the developed countries in Europe and America, the use of aluminum alloy produced by the liquid tank has been very common.But in our country usually use steel tank.Because the steel tank weight greatly, virtually increased fuel consumption, the transportation cost is greatly improved.Aluminum alloy besides being light, it also has excellent resistance to corrosion.And also made of steel parts, aluminum and aluminum alloy parts made use of higher value.95% aluminum alloy can achieve reuse.If the use of aluminum alloy oil tank car tank body, can greatly reduce the vehicle weight, save fuel oil, reduce the waste of energy.Hubei power company engineering and technical personnel, after two years of research, the existing steel tank for structural analysis and optimization, in ensure bearing capacity and reliability to reduce its quality; through the use of light materials or modern composite materials such as low density material to replace the existing steel materials, developed a lightweight aluminum alloy oil tank car, achieve the purpose of the tank body lightweight.The car reached the main performance indicators: aluminum alloy oil tank car in can realize lightweight foundation, tank anticorrosion performance and stainless steel cans, cans of strength based on the optimized design to meet the requirements.Through reliability road test and the tank body sealing test.Aluminum alloy oil tank car, application of aluminum alloy to make the tank, not only reduces the quality of vehicle, the original use of steel making body weight is 8850kg, now made of aluminum alloy body, only 7570kg.So every 100 km fuel savings of more than 4L.In the improvement of automobile dynamic characteristics at the same time, pollutant emission is reduced by more than 10%.The technology leader in the domestic, Europe and the United States and technical level.

Copy copy method: first the ground sampling method are assembled

into a single structure, and position of welding,


Then turned as the replication membranes, in which a single structure assembly.Applicable to cross section are symmetrical truss structure.


(21) vertically installed: according to the characteristic of component parts and stable position, choose a top-down or bottom-up assembly, adapted to be placed stably, height is not the structure.(22) lying supine position: component placement assembly.For section but not long slender member.(23) fetal membrane assembly of law: the component parts in fetal membranes positioned in its assembled position assembly.Used in the manufacture of components of large quantities of products with high accuracy.(24): using electric arc welding electrode and the work piece the electric arc generated between hot metal fusion process is called electric arc welding.Electric arc welding manual welding, automatic welding, automatic welding and gas welding of.(25): resistance welding current through contact with two welding parts, the contact resistance maximum current through the high temperature produced, so that the material in a molten state, the pressure, and fusion.Generally used for butt welding steel plate or spot welding.(26): electroslag welding current through the slag produced by thermal resistance to molten metal welding.As for box column and Liang Gang with the column connecting beam upper and lower flange stiffening plate welding.(27) manual welding: all manual electric arc welding, low efficiency, quality to rely on their own, poor stability, but flexible, suitable for short and complicated weld or site welding.(28) automatic submerged arc welding: welding arc buried in the welding powder below, the mechanical automatic sprinkling and sends the mobile welding wire flux.For a longer weld.Good welding quality, high efficiency.(29): CO2 or gas protection welding argon arc welding molten metal, the wire and gas sending are automatic, only manually move the torch.Is a semi-automatic welding, good welding quality, high efficiency.(30): shot blasting the particle diameter of 0.8 ～ 2.0mm steel by throwing machine impeller suction impeller tip in the center, directional high-speed throw, at the need for anti-corrosion treatment of the surface of steel structure, to achieve mechanical descaling purposes. This method high rust removing efficiency, low cost, less pollution.Anticorrosive measures of the steel structure (1): corrosion resistance of weathering steel is better than that of the general structural steel steel called weathering steel, generally containing phosphorus, copper, nickel, chromium, titanium and other metal, the metal surface layer of protection, in order to improve the corrosion resistance of.Low temperature impact toughness than the general structural steel.Standard for welded structure for "steel" (GB4172-84).(2): galvanized hot-dip galvanizing is rust steel immersed in 600 ℃ high temperature melting zinc liquid, so that the steel member is attached to the surface of zinc coating, zinc layer thickness on the 5mm plate shall be not less than 65 μ m, the plate is not less than 86 μ M.In order to anticorrosion aim.This method has the advantages of durability life long, the production of the high degree of industrialization, stable quality.It was heavily used by atmospheric corrosion is serious and difficult to repair for outdoor steel structure.Such as a large number of transmission tower, communication tower.In recent years, the emergence of a large number of light steel structure system of steel plate and so on.More also use hot-dip galvanized anticorrosion.The first process of hot dip galvanizing is pickling, and then is washed.The two processes are not completely to stay hidden corrosion.So we must completely.Steel structure for the designers, should avoid to design a joint surface component, so as to avoid the abutted surface cracks in pickling is not complete or acid wash net.Cause the galvanized surface of yellow water flow phenomenon.Hot dip galvanizing is done at high temperature.The tubular member open at both ends should be left to their.If the ends are closed will cause the air inside the tube expansion and the head plate burst, thereby causing safety accidents.

How to prevent local deformation in steel welding

1, the steel structure engineering design as much as possible to make the workpiece stiffness of the various parts and weld evenly arranged, symmetrical set weld to reduce cross intensive weld.
 2, large parts such as shape asymmetry, a small group of components should be welded correction of deformed during assembly welding, to reduce the overall deformation.
Workpiece welding should often flip deformation cancel each other.
 4, for easy to produce the angular distortion of parts after welding in the weld before pre-deformation treatment, such as steel v-shaped groove butt, before welding should interface appropriate booster This enables welding after flattening.
 5, the steel company to develop a reasonable welding sequence to minimize distortion. Minor weld first welding the main weld welding, the the first welding symmetric parts of the weld after welding asymmetric welds, welding contraction after a small amount of the first contraction welding large weld weld before welding butt weld The solder fillet weld.
6, workpiece size weld using segmented, stratified, intermittent welding, and controlling the current, speed, direction.
7, hand soldering longer weld should be segmented the intermittent welding method, by the middle of the workpiece to the two retired welding, welding personnel in responding to that scattered arrangement to avoid deformation caused by heat concentrated. 8, steel structure plant outside welding reinforcement pieces increases the rigidity of the workpiece to limit the welding deformation stiffeners position should be located in the opposite of shrinkage stress.

Test material substrate selection model: commonly used in recent years quality chromium steel

(2) paint:

1 precoating primer: selection of magnet epoxy ester antirust paint.Because after the pretreatment of steel on the set of welding steel structure, need after welding and cutting, grinding and other processes, the paint layer surface is inevitably there are a lot of defects such as scratches and fall off, so the selection of current locomotive steel structure commonly used high temperature, heating influence is small, anti-corrosion properties of strong magnets epoxy ester antirust paint the precoating primer for steel surfaces.

2 primer: phosphoric acid polyurethane primer.Steel structure welding after forming, in order to repair its surface defects, but also for the next step of putty or coated with paint to prepare, general need for steel structure and then spray 1 times primer.The primer and next process with putty and overcoatability.Verified by the production of zinc phosphate primer, polyurethane can completely meet the requirements.

4.2 test procedure

The 4.2.1 sample surface treatment model will be divided into A, B two group, the 12 block, wherein the group A by sandblasting treatment, group B sandblasted, with only 240# emery cloth polishing.With organic solvent two groups of sample surface clean, cold wind blowing, placed in a dryer.

The preparation of A film 4.2.2 model, B model of the group take 6, spraying 1 zinc phosphate primer for polyurethane, drying; and A, B group and the other 6 examples, sprayed with 1 magnets epoxy ester antirust paint, drying the 48h, and then spraying 1 zinc phosphate primer for polyurethane, drying.

Performance test of 4.2.3 (1) on the preparation of good film group A, group B model, respectively, thickness measurement, then do the following properties: 1 test: the adhesion tester, according to GB/T1720.2: salt water performance test by 3%NaCl solution, according to GB/T1763 test.(2) 2 primer will spray test plate process matching test.

(1) adhesion.

After coating plate corrosion resistance depends on the adhesion of coating adhesion size, bigger, stronger capability of sheet metal corrosion.Table 1 shows: film thickness, sandblasted samples than unmodified sandblasting thick; adhesion, sandblasted samples not less than without blasting processing model.

(2) of resistance to salt water.

Brine resistance refers to the model in salt, at the required temperature for immersion, observe the erosion degree.Salt water resistance is a measure of the film as well as material anticorrosion ability is an important index.Table 1: as can be seen by shot blasting and spraying paint, spraying precoating primer model than the uncoated precoating primer template anticorrosion ability; the same spray 2 primer, sandblasted model anti-corrosion ability than without blasting strong.

(3) process matching.

Paint process matching means two paint on together, between the layers is "at the end of the bite", shedding, blistering, wrinkling phenomenon.Don't appear these phenomena, that support good.Can be seen: whether sandblasting model or without blasting processing model, different paint magnet epoxy ester antirust paint with zinc phosphate polyurethane primer process matching good, no bubble, "at the end of the bite" phenomenon.This shows that: after sandblasting, sprayed magnet epoxy ester antirust paint as a pretreatment of steel, welding into the steel structure is then coated with a layer of zinc phosphate polyurethane primer.

5 conclusion through the test, and ultimately determine the steel structure new surface treatment and coating technology, namely by sandblasting and precoating primer combination of surface treatment process of steel: first is sandblasted, increasing the roughness, and then spraying the 1 magnet epoxy ester antirust paint as a precoating primer, to prevent steel after blasting corrosion of steel structure, welding after forming, the last 1 of zinc phosphate coating polyurethane primer.The process from the beginning of 1999, has been successfully applied to Sri Lanka EMUs and several other models, without any quality problems, indicates that the process is in full compliance with the design requirements and processes, to achieve the desired results.(end)

A steel structure new surface treatment and coating technology

1 Introduction
China s railway transportation several times greater speed, the railway locomotive vehicle design, production requirements are also getting higher and higher.The upgrading of products has become a pressing matter of the moment of the railway locomotive vehicle factory.Locomotive steel structure design increasingly used in high performance steel plate, the traditional steel structure surface treatment and coating technology has been unable to adapt to the requirements of production and development, the urgent need to find a meet design and technical requirements of the new surface treatment process.
2 surface treatment and coating technology of steel structure painting, in order to make the substrate and the coating has good adhesion, coating must be treated steel surface and the adjacent region of pretreatment.First of all, the surface must be clean, does not allow dust, oil, water or other dirt and loose oxide.Secondly, spraying, coating and substrate binding General mechanical combination, therefore, without affecting the coating quality under the premise, the coating and the substrate should be as much as possible to increase the contact area, the appropriate roughness is helpful to improve the adhesion of coating, coating service life extension.Related information: alkyd coatings used for manual surface rust coating, its service life is 2 ～ 3a, blasted to Sa2.5 level of service life for 10a.Pretreatment of steel surface directly affects the quality of coating engineering and apparent quality and the service life of the coating, and the surface treatment of the steel structure in cleanness and roughness directly affects the service life of coating.As much as possible to increase the contact area of the coating and the substrate, using mechanical roughening and sandblasting roughening method.Mechanical roughening includes shot peening, manual grinding and polishing processing.Sandblasting coarsening is the choice of diameter of 1 ~ 2mm dry and sharp sand and quartz sand, the sand from the use of compressed air blasting gun gun mouth high-speed jet to steel surface by sand, impact and friction, the steel surface oxide skin, rust, paint film, grease and other dirt removing, obtained at the same time having a certain roughness surface process.In general, the higher the grade of steel, surface treatment of the requirements of the higher.Sandblasted surfaces of steel structures, surface area is about not be sandblasted steel surface area 90 times, greatly increases the contact area between the substrate and the coating.This to some coatings, particularly inorganic zinc-rich coating coating adhesion effects greatly.
3 primary problems in the process of previously, locomotive and vehicle (including steel structure with steel plates and profiles) surface treatment method, one is just a simple scaling, the cold, heat processing, welding steel structure, the steel structure surface spraying primer.This process by a variety of models of the spot application, proof antiseptic effect.A second method is the surface of steel, after chemical treatment (usually phosphating treatment), directly after the primer spraying, and then welding steel structure.The drawback is often appear primer and phosphating film supporting not good question, resulting in reduced adhesion phenomena such as primer.Also, in recent years also uses a process, steel to be sandblasted, and then directly spraying anti-corrosion primer, also has the problem of poor, and even affect the next process.
4 new technology scheme according to the existing problems of the original process, to achieve process, design requirements, taking into account the process of inheritance and continuity, the theory as the basis, through the test, decided by sandblasting and precoating primer combination of surface treatment and coating process.

Discussion on steel structure and its application in civil engineering

The 1.1 strength in general, structural member to withstand or accommodate the effects of capacity is determined by the strength of the material to the decision.Can use the relevant national standards to determine the structure of steel component performance, these criteria are listed in the steel structure can use material.From the whole, made up of steel structure can reduce the material consumption, reduces the weight of the structure, reduce the support member and the base size, ultimately reduce the structure cost.
1.2 stiffness vibration, deformation and applicability of parameters by the member rigidity to decide, then from the structure stiffness to decide.Structure system of practical rigidity but also by its members and joints distribution to decide.However, simply put, member rigidity material from the geometric cross section characteristics and the elastic modulus of the material is to determine, structural steel elastic modulus is usually 200GPa.Average density and compressive strength in the range of 20-40Gpa concrete elastic modulus is usually in the range of 20-28GPa; even for high strength concrete, its modulus of elasticity but also in between 40-45GPa, therefore, steel structure of steel concrete is ten times and five times, so the steel structure rigidity has a significant advantage.
1.3 ductility ductility refers to some kind of material stretching process of fracture plastic deformation capacity.General ductility is structure design, especially the seismic design is an important characteristic parameter, earthquake surviving buildings depends directly on the main frame structure undergoes large inelastic deformation hysteresis energy.Steel structure can be said to be the most widely used one of the best engineering materials, toughness.However, material intrinsic ductility does not necessarily translate to building structure inherent ductility, so we need to fully understand this point, take appropriate design strategies and reliable, stable hysteresis dissipation mechanism.Usually a design with ductile response will have enough materials section, ductility and the ductility of the structure and the structural ductility.Ductility value capacity and demand to change ductility level, curvature ductility (ductility) and displacement ductility (ductility) that match.Although the steel structure strain ductility is relatively high, but because the bending force is not stable, so the members often lack the curvature ductility.
1.4 measure of material fracture toughness of energy absorption and the plastic deformation ability indicator is the toughness.It can resist a notch part of the unstable crack extension.Toughness is normally expressed in steel structure in manufacturing, installation and use of the process can bear larger industrial deformation, the steel structure is a very important characteristic.It is because the steel toughness makes the bending, shear, punching, forging, drilling and production process, reduces the possibility of crack producing.Steel structure sufficient fracture toughness is necessary, especially for the alternating load and impact load of the building structure but also to have the characteristics of.Structural steel fracture toughness for temperature condition is very sensitive, and along with the temperature and the decrease of.So in cold area of steel structure design, we must first consider the toughness.Relatively speaking, low carbon Nb steel high carbon composition can improve the toughness of steel.
1.5 overall from the result, either from the stiffness, strength and ductility, steel structure is superior to the reinforced concrete, and steel structure can be relatively easily construct exotic architecture form, usually steel structure system can provide optimum design flexibility and maximum utilization of space.Steel structure of another advantage is that: it is a ideal cantilever construction system.Appropriate application of fasting steel bracket and component web opening, for pipes and other power line channel, not only reduces the floor height, but also increase the aesthetic appeal.Steel frame like in steel structure, is used to expand the existing concrete structure or add floor.In the construction, assembling steel structure construction personnel is much less than the required number of concrete building structures; and concrete construction, steel structure installation and production quality is more reliable and simple.And modified, steel ratio concrete structure more easily, lower cost, especially to the additional support system, steel structure can accelerate the construction progress.
2 steel structure.
Of course, every kind of material are not perfect, so the application of steel structure and construction also has some disadvantages, which mainly manifested in the following aspects:
The 2.1 material disadvantages though steel structural stiffness is much larger than the concrete, but for a given load, the steel structure member section stiffness than comparable concrete structure, this is mainly because the steel strength led to its member of relatively small dimensions.In order to improve the stability of members, will increase the size of steel or concrete filled and take concrete measures to improve the stiffness of the section.And steel fire resistance and corrosion resistance are relatively deficient.Steel has long been 100 degrees of radiant heat intensity changes little, show some resistance, but when the temperature reaches 150 degrees, we must use insulation layer protection, and important parts of the steel structure must be coated with fireproof coatings.
2.2 market environment
2.2.1 design strength is weak in building structure design should pay attention to requirement of structure is it right? Belonging to the steel structure and reasonable application.In the design of high capacity usually requires the use of steel structure, should consider to use is not suitable to continue to load large deformation for the structure design of the limit state criteria.Steel structure has many nodes, to each screw, backing plate and weld of accurate calculation, and each professional to one-time reach the designated position, so the steel structure design than the design of concrete structure is more complex, and the drawings are far more than the concrete structure.
2.2.2 steel structure production has not formed the system only in the case of the mass production can reflect the superiority of steel structure.And the current steel structure production standard, standard of price and quality standards are not unified, national standards as well as regulatory mechanism also has certain shortcomings, so many designers and developers are relatively vague.
2.2.3 price problems due to steel structure production has not formed a system of steel structure, so the higher prices.Although steel production in recent years has greatly improved, but the per capita output is still relatively low, steel still is economy of our country countryman more precious materials, and concrete price advantage is reflected.
2.2.4 steel structure service life of concrete structure is never damaged, but the steel structure for general use life span of only fifty years, if the steel structure is used in residential buildings, so people think of their life savings and cost to buy the house can live in fifty years, will let many people lost the desire to buy.But with the development of the insurance industry, residential life issues should be relatively easy to solve.
3 key points for installation of steel structure construction
The whole steel structure construction process is more complex, and the construction requirement, the details will have great differences.Here are three simple description.
3.1 selection and connection of steel is usually divided into plates, profiles, and tubes of metal products four major categories.Civil engineering construction steel usually uses ordinary low-alloy steel, carbon structural steel and ordinary carbon steel, carbon steel plastic is relatively low, but the relatively high hardness and strength.In the steel structure column section, the general number of box girder with wide flange "or the" font, in addition to "ten" cross section and so on; most are welded or rolling beam "H" shaped steel, if special requirements can also be consistent with section, before the installation of the main welding joint welding technology the test set, welding materials and various parameters.Between the beams, beam and column connection between, can take the welding connection or bolt connection, to the attention of high-strength bolt connection hole position accuracy.Hole preparation mainly has two kinds, one is high precision CNC drilling, another is the relatively low accuracy of the template for the hole.In the technical conditions allow more suitable for multi axis NC drilling.Delivered to the site later to bolt parameters for inspection, installation can not use wrench to screw or forced into with a hammer, screw in steps to be after initial tightening, complex s as well as the final twist.
The 3.2 components of the stacking and choose to install mechanical locations typically installation structure of land area for structure covers an area 1.5 times.In accordance with the erection sequence from transit yard facilities, shipped to the site of steel components to the loading and unloading machinery to its placement in the installation of machinery and the radius of gyration.If because of transport caused deformation, then at the construction site will be corrected.General installation of steel structure is used in tower crane, boom length should have enough coverage, and lifting capacity should be enough, to meet a variety of different parts of components of the lifting requirements.Rope capacity to meet the hoisting height requirements; lifting speed enough grades to meet the requirements of installation.In a machine case, arm elevation difference should be enough, to avoid unsafe collision, to ensure safe operation.The tower crane should be a safe distance between, to ensure that the arm rod and the tower body do not collide.Comparison of steel structure suitable for regular, symmetry and a flat floor, so the installation of pipeline layout to suit one's measures to local conditions.
3.3 paint process
3.3.1 base treatment the metal surface is clean, and then do the cleaning.Manual processing to use wire brush repeatedly brush, then fine emery cloth polishing, the surface bright, smooth, and then use cotton or gauze to grinding of rust powder and floating dust clean.If the surface corrosion is serious, then with a wire brush blade processing, large areas of corrosion can be used to clean the sand turbine.
3.3.2 antirust paint, putty in metal surface before painting to ensure dry, if water is to immediately wipe.Applied to brush, brush, brush with fine place, and pay attention to rivet hole can be painted into the.When the antirust paint after drying, using and paint matching the putty scraping component surface defect.The putty with some red lead powder or thick paint, thereby increasing its dry hard.In the putty dry to be burnished, and clean.If the time for stack is too long, will have to do a painting.
3.3.3 coated phosphating primer phosphating primer includes primer and phosphating solution in two parts.In the coating phosphating primer two hour after they finish or painted other primer.